Gene: GSR - Homo sapiens
Last modified: Dec 09, 2014. Release 1 • Page created: May 19, 2024
Summary
Gene Symbol | : | GSR | ||||||||||||||||
NCBI Gene ID | : | 2936 | ||||||||||||||||
Species | : | Homo sapiens | ||||||||||||||||
Gene Synonyms | : | GLUR | GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE | glutathione reductase | glutathione reductase, mitochondrial | GR | GRase | GRD1 | GSR Source: GPSDB |
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Gene Homologs | : | AGOS_AGR196W (Eremothecium gossypii) | GLR1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) | GSR (Bos taurus) | GSR (Canis lupus familiaris) | gsr (Danio rerio) | GSR (Gallus gallus) | GSR (Homo sapiens) | Gsr (Mus musculus) | GSR (Pan troglodytes) | Gsr (Rattus norvegicus) | gsr-1 (Caenorhabditis elegans) | KLLA0E24069g (Kluyveromyces lactis) | MGG_12749 (Magnaporthe oryzae) | NCU03339 (Neurospora crassa) | pgr1 (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) | ||||||||||||||||
Ageing Relevance Analysis | : |
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Ageing Factor Stable ID | : | AF_000423 | ||||||||||||||||
Download | : | XML |
Protein Information
Protein Name | Species | UniProt Accession Number | UniProt Entry Name | Protein Function | Sequence |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial | Homo sapiens | P00390 (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | GSHR_HUMAN (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | Maintains high levels of reduced glutathione in the cytosol. | View |
Observations
Ageing Phenotype
Data Type 1
Ageing Relevance:
- yes (Exp. Analysis)
- yes, but no ageing factor assigned (Exp. Analysis)
- no (Exp. Analysis)
- putative (Comp. Analysis)
# | Observation Stable ID | Species | Gene | Other Ageing Factor | Description | PubMed | Source | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | OB_009899 | Homo sapiens |
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GSR is involved in redox regulation and oxidative defence. Overexpression of a GSR homologue in fruit flies extends lifespan in hyperoxia but not in normal conditions [0208]. Local overexpression of GSR in the brain of mice results in increased anxiety-like behaviour while inhibition decreased the anxiety-like behaviour [1712]. There is no evidence directly linking GSR to human ageing. | GenAge |
Data Type 2
no ageing phenotype observation—data type 2 available
Homology Analysis
Ageing Relevance:
- yes (Exp. Analysis)
- yes, but no ageing factor assigned (Exp. Analysis)
- no (Exp. Analysis)
- putative (Comp. Analysis)
Legend:
- #EGHG:
- Number of Experimentally Confirmed Ageing-related Genes In Homology Group
# | Observation Stable ID | Homology Group Genes | #EGHG | Description | Source | Homology Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | OB_008191 | 1 | The HomoloGene homology group 531 contains 1 gene with experimental evidence for ageing relevance (GSR - Homo sapiens) and 14 other genes. | AgeFactDB Homology Analysis | HomoloGene homology group 531 |
Sequences
GSHR_HUMAN | P00390 | Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial (Homo sapiens) from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Length: 522 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 GSHR_HUMAN 1 MALLPRALSAGAGPSWRRAARAFRGFLLLLPEPAALTRALSRAMACRQEPQPQGPPPAAGAVASYDYLVIGGGSGGLASARRAAELGARAAVVESHKLGGTCVNVGCVPKKVMWNTAVHSEFMHDHADYGFPSCEGKFNWRVIKEKRDAYVSRLNAIYQNNLTKSHIEIIRGHAAFTSDPKPTIEVSGKKYTAPHILIATGGMPSTPHESQIPGASLGITSDGFFQLEELPGRSVIVGAGYIAVEMAGILSALGSKTSLMIRHDKVLRSFDSMISTNCTEELENAGVEVLKFSQVKEVKKTLSGLEVSMVTAVPGRLPVMTMIPDVDCLLWAIGRVPNTKDLSLNKLGIQTDDKGHIIVDEFQNTNVKGIYAVGDVCGKALLTPVAIAAGRKLAHRLFEYKEDSKLDYNNIPTVVFSHPPIGTVGLTEDEAIHKYGIENVKTYSTSFTPMYHAVTKRKTKCVMKMVCANKEEKVVGIHMQGLGCDEMLQGFAVAVKMGATKADFDNTVAIHPTSSEELVTLR 522
References
MeSH Terms: Only a subset of the Medical Subject Headings terms is shown: the Major Topics MeSH terms. They describe one of the main topics discussed in the article denoted by an asterisk on the MeSH term or MeSH/Subheading combination on the PubMed page. MeSH terms that belong to the Ageing MeSH are highlighted in green.
- Loos H, Roos D, Weening R, Houwerzijl J:
Familial deficiency of glutathione reductase in human blood cells.
Blood. 1976; 48: 53-62.
PubMed (ID: 947404)
MeSH Terms: Consanguinity; Erythrocytes/enzymology; Glutathione Reductase/deficiency - Kakarla P, Vadluri G, Reddy KS, Leeuwenburgh C:
Vulnerability of the mid aged rat myocardium to the age-induced oxidative stress: influence of exercise training on antioxidant defense system.
Free Radic Res. 2005; 39: 1211-7.
PubMed (ID: 16298747), doi:10.1080/10715760500315118
MeSH Terms: Aging; Antioxidants/metabolism; Myocardium/pathology; Oxidative Stress - Martínez-Romero R, Cañuelo A, Martínez-Lara E, Hernández R, Del Moral ML, Pedrosa JA, Peinado MA, Siles E:
Aging affects but does not eliminate the enzymatic antioxidative response to hypoxia/reoxygenation in cerebral cortex.
Exp Gerontol. 2006; 41: 25-31.
PubMed (ID: 16260109), doi:10.1016/j.exger.2005.09.009
MeSH Terms: Aging/physiology; Cerebral Cortex/enzymology; Hypoxia, Brain/physiopathology - Alvarez-García O, Vega-Naredo I, Sierra V, Caballero B, Tomás-Zapico C, Camins A, García JJ, Pallàs M, Coto-Montes A:
Elevated oxidative stress in the brain of senescence-accelerated mice at 5 months of age.
Biogerontology. 2006; 7: 43-52.
PubMed (ID: 16518719), doi:10.1007/s10522-005-6041-2
MeSH Terms: Aging/metabolism; Brain/metabolism - Keogh BP, Allen RG, Pignolo R, Horton J, Tresini M, Cristofalo VJ:
Expression of hydrogen peroxide and glutathione metabolizing enzymes in human skin fibroblasts derived from donors of different ages.
J Cell Physiol. 1996; 167: 512-22.
PubMed (ID: 8655605), doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199606)167:3<512::AID-JCP15>3.0.CO;2-5
MeSH Terms: Aging/metabolism; Catalase/metabolism; Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism; Glutathione/metabolism; Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism; Skin/enzymology - Andersen HR, Jeune B, Nybo H, Nielsen JB, Andersen-Ranberg K, Grandjean P:
Low activity of superoxide dismutase and high activity of glutathione reductase in erythrocytes from centenarians.
Age Ageing. 1998; 27: 643-8.
PubMed (ID: 12675104)
MeSH Terms: Aged, 80 and over/physiology; Erythrocytes/enzymology; Glutathione Reductase/blood; Superoxide Dismutase/blood - Mockett RJ, Sohal RS, Orr WC:
Overexpression of glutathione reductase extends survival in transgenic Drosophila melanogaster under hyperoxia but not normoxia.
FASEB J. 1999; 13: 1733-42.
PubMed (ID: 10506576)
MeSH Terms: Drosophila melanogaster/physiology; Glutathione Reductase/biosynthesis; Glutathione/metabolism; Longevity/physiology; Oxidative Stress/physiology; Oxygen/adverse effects - Cho CG, Kim HJ, Chung SW, Jung KJ, Shim KH, Yu BP, Yodoi J, Chung HY:
Modulation of glutathione and thioredoxin systems by calorie restriction during the aging process.
Exp Gerontol. 2003; 38: 539-48.
PubMed (ID: 12742531)
MeSH Terms: Aging/physiology; Caloric Restriction/methods; DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase; Drosophila Proteins; Glutathione/metabolism; Thioredoxins/metabolism; Transcription Factors - Kwon YW, Masutani H, Nakamura H, Ishii Y, Yodoi J:
Redox regulation of cell growth and cell death.
Biol Chem. 2003; 384: 991-6.
PubMed (ID: 12956415), doi:10.1515/BC.2003.111
MeSH Terms: Apoptosis/physiology; Cell Cycle; Oxidative Stress/physiology - Brown-Borg HM, Rakoczy SG, Uthus EO:
Growth hormone alters methionine and glutathione metabolism in Ames dwarf mice.
Mech Ageing Dev. 2005; 126: 389-98.
PubMed (ID: 15664625), doi:10.1016/j.mad.2004.09.005
MeSH Terms: Glutathione/metabolism; Growth Hormone/administration & dosage; Longevity/drug effects; Methionine/metabolism; Signal Transduction/drug effects - Brown-Borg HM, Rakoczy SG:
Glutathione metabolism in long-living Ames dwarf mice.
Exp Gerontol. 2005; 40: 115-20.
PubMed (ID: 15664737), doi:10.1016/j.exger.2004.11.004
MeSH Terms: Aging/metabolism; Glutathione/metabolism; Longevity - Hovatta I, Tennant RS, Helton R, Marr RA, Singer O, Redwine JM, Ellison JA, Schadt EE, Verma IM, Lockhart DJ, Barlow C:
Glyoxalase 1 and glutathione reductase 1 regulate anxiety in mice.
Nature. 2005; 438: 662-6.
PubMed (ID: 16244648), doi:10.1038/nature04250
MeSH Terms: Anxiety/enzymology; Anxiety/genetics; Brain/metabolism; Gene Expression Profiling; Glutathione Reductase/metabolism; Lactoylglutathione Lyase/metabolism
Sources
Ageing-related Data Sources
- AgeFactDB Homology Analysis
- GenAge
Additional Data Sources
- AgeFactDB Pipeline
- GPSDB
- HomoloGene
- NCBI Taxonomy
- PubMed
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot